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<title>Programming Helper | Index</title>

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# How To Program Your Micro-Controller

This is about using `avr-dude`, `make` and getting a high-level understanding of what's happening under the hood so that you can tune your micro-controller yourself.

In practice, you can just read most of what is linked in the **Embedded Programming** class [there](http://academy.cba.mit.edu/classes/embedded_programming/index.html).
In fact, you should have done that already.
But for those who are overwhelmed, we will try to disect some of the content

## References

* [HTMAA's Embedding Programming](http://academy.cba.mit.edu/classes/embedded_programming/index.html)
* [Makefiles](https://makefiletutorial.com/) for executing pre-written commands
* [avrdude](https://www.ladyada.net/learn/avr/avrdude.html) (by Lady Ada) for programming through a programmer
* Existing tutorials for various programmers:
  * [Sparkfun's avr programmer](https://learn.sparkfun.com/tutorials/pocket-avr-programmer-hookup-guide/al)
  * [AdaFruit's USBTinyISP](https://learn.adafruit.com/usbtinyisp/avrdude)
* [List of AVR IC's and their packages](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATtiny_microcontroller_comparison_chart)
  * [ATtiny10](http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/ATTINY10-TS8R/ATTINY10-TS8RCT-ND)
  * [ATtiny45V](http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/ATTINY45V-10SU/ATTINY45V-10SU-ND)
  * [ATtiny44A](http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/ATTINY44A-SSU/ATTINY44A-SSU-ND)
  * [ATtiny814](http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/Atmel-42721C-AVR-ATtiny417-814-816-817-Datasheet_Complete.pdf)
  * [ATmega328P](http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/ATMEGA328P-AU/ATMEGA328P-AU-ND) (same as [Arduino Uno](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino_Uno)), ([datasheet](http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/Atmel-7810-Automotive-Microcontrollers-ATmega328P_Datasheet.pdf))
  * [ATmega16U2](http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/ATMEGA16U2-AU/ATMEGA16U2-AU-ND) (with 16**U* for USB support)
  * [ATxmega16E5](http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/ATXMEGA16E5-AUR/ATXMEGA16E5-AURCT-ND)
  * [ATxmega16A4U](http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/ATXMEGA16A4U-AUR/ATXMEGA16A4U-AURCT-ND) (USB support)

## What are those files?

For most base projects of HTMAA, you are provided with a set of different files:

* `file.png` are typically images for tracing (trace) or cutting (outline)
* `file.c` is a C file that contains a C program, which runs on a micro-controller
* `file.make` (or anything ending in `.make`, so here typically `file.c.make` too) is to use the program `make` to call commands that allow you to do things

## What does `XXX` do?

First thing first, you should try reading the manual.
On Mac / Linux, you can access the manual of a specific command typically by typing

```bash
man fancycommand
```

For example, we want to learn about `make`, so let's do that:
```bash
man make
```

That should give you an interactive stream that you can go over (down/up arrows) and search through (`/` character, followed by search query).

<img src="images/man_make.png" width="800">

To exit that manual, just press `q` (quit).
To get some help and figure out how to use the manual functions, press `h` (help).

<img src="images/man_help.png" width="600">

## What is [Make](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/html_node/Introduction.html#Introduction)

References:
* [Make manual](https://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html)


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